In this article, we’ll provide an overview of Wizz Air’s unlimited flight program and ways Wizz Air could alter their services to be more eco-friendly.

What’s the Problem with Wizz Air Unlimited Flights?

Although some remain skeptical that we are currently living through a resurgence of the original roaring 20s, some of our post-pandemic behavior signals otherwise – as people are making a big deal out of attending and concerts and traveling more than ever before. 

💡 In fact, TSA checkpoint saw 2.3 million people in 2019 compared to over 2.5 million in 2023 – demonstrating the increase in travel.

As a result of the pent up demand, airlines such as Wizz Air have tried to take advantage of the newfound desire to travel by offering unlimited flight subscription services – but the long-term impact could be detrimental to our planet.

In this article, we’ll provide an overview of Wizz Air’s unlimited flight program, the potential negative impact, and ways Wizz Air could alter their services to be more eco-friendly.

Founded in 2003, Wizz Air is a European low-cost airline based in Hungary – primarily offering flights to and from capital cities in Central and Eastern Europe.

💡 Wizz Air also offers budget long haul flights, such as London to Miami, New, Dubai, Istanbul, and Faro – expanding their services to offer routes in the Middle East, North Africa, and the United States.

As an affordable airline, Wizz Air is most well-known for offering cheap travel experiences without luxury or additional necessities – with many travelers opting for a basic economy seat, minimal leg room, and extra fees for checked baggage.

Is Wizz Air awful like they say, or is it a hidden gem? Today I’m flying Wizz Air from Stockholm to Gdansk, against my better judgment. I usually avoid budget airlines and ultra low cost carriers if I can. But at least we're on a beautiful new A321neo, and it's a short flight, just enough to get a sense of what this budget airline is like, and if it’s all hellish well, it’ll be over in under an hour. Come along as I discover the Wizz Air experience.

Flight information: 

May 20, 2024 | W61732 ARN-GDN
A321neo 9H-WDT [age: 1 year]
Flight time: 1h05m

How I booked it: 
Fully flex fare one way for $101.

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Flying the Wizz Air A321neo (my honest review)

Here are some of the hallmark qualities of Wizz Air:

Low-Cost Model – In the same vein as other budget airlines in Europe such as easyjet or Ryan Air – Wizz Air offers low travel prices and requires customers to pay added fees for additional services such as checked luggage, seat selection, or in-flight meals and entertainment.

Efficient Aircraft – Furthermore, in addition to using the Airbus A320 – Wizz Air has been the first European airline to receive A321 neos built in China. This illustrates their commitment to ensure their aircraft is up-to-date, as the A321 neo has been deemed as the most efficient narrow-body aircraft on the market. 

Wide Variety of Destinations – As of 2023, Wizz Air offers flights to 56 countries and over 228 destinations destinations – with a focus on connecting underserved airports. 

Wizz Discount Club – Wizz Air, similar to many other budget airlines, offers frequent travelers access to special deals when they join the Wizz Discount Club. 

Budget Conscious Travel – While Taylor Swift may not opt for a commercial flight with Wizz Air, the affordable airline does do a good job of catering to budget travelers who want to easily hop from one European country to another without breaking the bank.

👉 Ultimately, Wizz Air has grown exponentially over the past few years – solidifying their role as a reputable budget airline in Europe.

What are unlimited flights with Wizz Air and how do they work?

Wizz Air offers an unlimited flight program, where customers can choose an annual subscription to gain access to the international Wizz Network offering over 780 routes across 53 countries.

💡 It is important to remember that Wizz Air’s “All You Can Fly” service excludes domestic flights within Italy and will be subject to availability – meaning there is no guarantee you will have access to the exact flight or route desired.

People subscribed to Wizz Air’s unlimited flight programs can book any flight they want any time, but must abide by the terms and conditions – such as various booking restrictions and respecting the 3-day booking window.

How does Wizz Air’s unlimited flight program work?

Here’s how Wizz Air’s unlimited, “All You Can Fly” program works:

Customers can choose their membership plan and subscribe to the “All You Can Fly” program

Users will provide a credit card to make searching and booking for available flights easier

Flights can be booked directly from the All You Can Fly website

Wizz Air’s unlimited flight program may prove useful for frequent travelers, but it’s important to remember that Wizz Air’s “All You Can Fly” Program will not include the following services:

Waived fees for checked baggage or additional personal items

Adjustments to be made to already booked flights (it will be necessary to purchase a new ticket if you want to modify your existing route)

Ability to cancel or transfer existing flight reservations

👉 Wizz Air’s unlimited flight program will be automatically renewed each year, making it a convenient “set it and forget it” subscription service for backpackers or frequent travelers within Europe. 

The table below will compare and contrast Wizz Air's unlimited flight program with other existing unlimited air travel programs:

<table border="1" cellpadding="10">
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>Feature</th>
      <th>Wizz Air Unlimited Flight Program</th>
      <th>Alaska Airlines Flight Pass</th>
      <th>Surf Air Membership</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>Target Audience</td>
      <td>Budget-conscious travelers in Europe, focusing on short-haul flights.</td>
      <td>Frequent flyers on the West Coast of the U.S., especially business travelers.</td>
      <td>High-income professionals or business executives seeking luxury and convenience.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Geographic Coverage</td>
      <td>Primarily Europe and some Middle Eastern destinations.</td>
      <td>Limited to U.S. domestic routes, mostly on the West Coast.</td>
      <td>Private charter flights across the U.S. and select international routes.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Cost</td>
      <td>Relatively low-priced, but additional fees for luggage, seat selection, etc.</td>
      <td>Starts at $49 per month (basic subscription) with additional fees for flights.</td>
      <td>Premium pricing starting at $1995/month, covering unlimited flights.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Environmental Concerns</td>
      <td>Encourages frequent flying, increasing carbon emissions without significant offset programs.</td>
      <td>Supports frequent short-haul flights, with no robust carbon-offset initiatives.</td>
      <td>Higher environmental impact due to private aircraft usage; limited offset measures.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Flexibility</td>
      <td>Limited by blackout dates, route availability, and last-minute restrictions.</td>
      <td>Offers decent flexibility for frequent travelers, with options for same-day flights.</td>
      <td>Highly flexible; allows booking private flights with minimal notice.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Additional Benefits</td>
      <td>Discounted prices on ancillary services (e.g., luggage, priority boarding).</td>
      <td>Members can cancel or change flights up to 90 days in advance without fees.</td>
      <td>Includes VIP services, private lounges, and seamless luxury travel experiences.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Key Limitations</td>
      <td>Overcrowding risk during peak travel times; perceived environmental irresponsibility.</td>
      <td>Only available for a fixed network of routes; does not include all U.S. destinations.</td>
      <td>Prohibitively expensive for the average traveler; not suitable for short-haul trips.</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>


Why are unlimited flights with Wizz Air an issue?

Unlimited flight programs such as Wizz Air’s, “All You Can Fly” pass raises environmental, logistical, and financial concerns – all of which could put the company’s profitability and overall future in jeopardy. 

“Besides the evident environmental concerns associated with offering low-priced, unlimited short-haul flights to customers – promoting unlimited flight passes could make Wizz Air’s business model unsustainable.” 

 Here are some of the problems associated with Wizz Air promoting unlimited flight services:

Overcrowding on Flights – Offering unlimited flights could lead to overbooking and crowded flights, especially during peak travel season – which could overwhelm Wizz Airlines. 

Strain on Operations – Unlimited flight services could lead to customer dissatisfaction, as Wizz Air’s “All You Can Fly” program operates on a “first come, first serve” basis. This can disrupt the illusion of “unlimited” flights and deter customers or employees from supporting the airline.

Lack of Positive Cash Flow – Wizz Air could be subject to reduced profitability if customers only opt to use their unlimited flight programs, as the majority of their cash influx is bound to come from single-booked flights for non-subscribed customers. 

Overall Financial Security – The main issue with offering unlimited flight services is that budget airlines such as Wizz Air will expect customers to not utilize the subscription service to its full potential: allowing for the business to remain profitable. 

💡 However, if customers end up making the most of their unlimited flight program – it could result in Wizz Air needing to increase fees for in-flight services such as meals and checked luggage.


Disappointed Customers – Wizz Air’s unlimited flight program operates on a reduced-scale, such as by needing to respect the 3-day booking window and limited availability – all of which could aggravate customers. 

Accessibility of Flights – Backpackers in Europe traveling from the United States or Australia may not be offered a seasonal pass, which could lead to disproportionate benefits in comparison to those who live in Europe and can use Wizz Air’s unlimited flight program year-round. 

👉 As a whole, Wizz Air promoting unlimited flights under a subscription service may encourage travelers to opt for air travel even if it isn’t the most convenient, time efficient, or effective way to cut back on carbon emissions from travel.

Wizz Air is considered as an eco-conscious airline, having been awarded by the Centre of Aviation (CAPA) for their exceptional efforts to employ the use of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and their efforts to secure the most energy efficient aircraft. 

Environmental Initiatives & Achievements by Wizz Air 

Wizz Air was awarded by the CAPA Centre for Aviation as the most environmentally sustainable airline group worldwide for their efforts to develop sustainable aviation fuel with Airbus. 

As a result of using the Airbus A321neo, Wizz Air has been able to reduce fuel consumption by 20% and noise emissions by 50% for each flight.

Wizz Air made an effort to increase the amount of passenger seats available per flight to make the most of each flight, developing an aircraft to hold 239 passengers as opposed to the original 180 seats – allowing for Wizz Air to reduce 52 grams of carbon dioxide emissions per passenger-kilometer in 2024 alone.

Although Wizz Air is deemed as an environmentally friendly budget airline, the business doesn’t come without its eco-challenges – such as the potential repercussions of offering unlimited flights.

Environmental Concerns with Wizz Air Unlimited Fly Pass

Excessive Flying & Increased Emissions – Unlimited flight passes could encourage people to fly more often than they otherwise would, which could lead to increased carbon emissions from air travel – which is especially concerning with the short-haul flights offered by Wizz Air. 

Dilute Efforts to Become an Eco-Conscious Airline – Promoting unlimited flights could underscore the current efforts on behalf of Wizz Air to decarbonize their business, especially as the airline is based in Europe where people could opt for more sustainable transportation methods such as trains or buses.

Take Advantage of Consumers & Fund Empty Flight Routes – Wizz Air’s “All You Can Fly” pass automatically renews each year. As many people often forget what they’re subscribed to or could feel reluctant to cancel, this could result in people paying to support routes that are not utilized to their full capacity – indirectly paying to operate a half-empty flight and contributing to additional wasted CO₂.

👉 There are many ways Wizz Air could address these environmental concerns, such as by taking the spotlight off of unlimited flight offers and by advertising their sustainable business practices to attract new customers. 

How else could Wizz Air promote their low-priced flights without impacting the environment?

There are several ways in which Wizz Air could advertise their low-priced without needing to encourage people to join an unlimited flight program, such as by offering a rewards system for people who fly with Wizz Air or by promoting their carbon offset programs. 

Here are some ways that Wizz Air could boost business and keep a loyal customer base without an unlimited flight program which could harm the environment:

Carbon Offsets – Customers, especially younger generations which want to shop more sustainably, will likely take a liking Wizz Air if they make purchasing carbon credits or a carbon offset program easy when buying their ticket. This is a great way to keep business moving in the right direction as the global push for sustainability continues. 

New Rewards System – Offering customers the ability to join a reward program where they could be granted discounts for choosing routes that emit less CO₂ could help sustain a loyal customer base without encouraging excessive air travel.

Introduce Flexible Unlimited Flight Passes – Similar to a Eurail Pass, Wizz Air could offer short-term or tiered membership models – where people of different statuses (bronze, silver, gold, etc.) could receive different benefits for flying frequently. 

Encourage Direct Routes – Did you know that the majority of emissions during a flight are created during take off and landing? Therefore, offering discounts to customers who opt for nonstop flights with Wizz Air could be a great way to promote lower airfare while also saving the planet. 

Boost Off Season Travel – A plane to Paris from New York may be packed in the middle of July, but returning the weekend of Thanksgiving – it’s likely to be next to empty. Regardless, these routes still run – emitting large amounts of CO₂ even when the flight isn’t full. This is a great way to offer special deals to customers without advertising the idea of unlimited flights.

Overall, Wizz Air has cemented itself as a reputable and even sustainable budget airline in Europe – but its commercial efforts to expand via the use of unlimited flight passes could impact its future moving forward.

If reading this article on the issue with unlimited flights from Wizz Air has made you interested in reducing your carbon emissions to further fight against climate change – Greenly can help you!

It can be overwhelming to figure out how to effectively reduce your environmental impact for employee business travel, but don’t worry – Greenly is here to help. Click here to schedule a demo to see how Greenly can help you find ways to ensure your company is complying with all current and future environmental regulations. 

Greenly can help you make an environmental change for the better, starting with a carbon footprint assessment to know how much carbon emissions your company produces.

In this article, we delve into the complexities of fracking, examining its methods, its significant role in energy production, and the environmental concerns it raises.

Everything you need to know about fracking

Fracking, a method of oil and gas extraction frequently surrounded by controversy, has significantly transformed the energy industry. It has enabled access to vast reserves of oil and gas that were once trapped deep beneath the earth's surface. While its ability to boost energy production is undeniable, fracking also finds itself at the center of heated environmental debates. In this article, we’ll explore what fracking is, how it works, and what its impact on the environment is. 

👉 In this article, we delve into the complexities of fracking, examining its methods, its significant role in energy production, and the environmental concerns it raises. 

Fracking, short for hydraulic fracturing, is a method used to extract natural gas and oil from under the surface of the earth. It involves the injection of high-pressure fluid into subterranean rocks and boreholes to create cracks or fractures through which oil and gas can flow more easily. This technique has transformed the energy sector by enabling access to vast reserves of hydrocarbons that were previously too challenging or too costly to extract. 

However, fracking has also been a topic of heated debate due to serious concerns about its environmental impacts. Concerns such as potential groundwater contamination, increased greenhouse gas emissions, and seismic activity, continue to fuel discussions about the sustainability and regulation of fracking. Read on to find out more…

Fracking, formerly known as hydraulic fracturing, is a process in which liquid is pumped deep underground at high pressure to fracture shale rock and release gas or oil trapped within it.

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Explainer: What is fracking?

The fracking process begins with drilling a well, typically thousands of feet deep, into the earth until it reaches the targeted area of rock that contains oil or gas. The drill is then turned horizontally to penetrate the rock layer more effectively.

Once the drilling is complete, a high-pressure mixture of water, sand, and chemicals is injected into the well. This mixture is central to the fracking process; the water creates pressure to crack the rocks, the sand particles keep the fractures open, and the chemicals facilitate the flow of the oil or gas.

These fractures allow the trapped oil or gas to flow back to the surface. After the fracking process is completed, the gas or oil is collected, and the mixture of water and chemicals (often referred to as 'fracking fluid') is typically stored or disposed of - though this part of the process has raised environmental concerns (more on this later).

Technological advancements in fracking, such as horizontal drilling and multi-stage fracturing, have made it possible to extract resources more efficiently and from larger areas than traditional vertical wells. These innovations have not only increased the feasibility of accessing previously difficult-to-reach reserves but also heightened the scrutiny and regulatory focus on the industry, given its environmental implications.

Deep underground lie stores of once-inaccessible natural gas. There’s a technology, called hydraulic fracturing, or “fracking,” that can extract this natural gas, potentially powering us for decades to come. So how does fracking work and why is it a source of such heated controversy? Mia Nacamulli explains the ins and outs of fracking. 

Lesson by Mia Nacamulli, directed by Sharon Colman.

How does fracking work? - Mia Nacamulli

The roots of fracking trace back to the 1860s, when Edward A. L. Roberts, serving in the United States Civil War, observed the impact of artillery rounds on narrow streams. Inspired by this observation, Roberts, after his service, launched the Roberts Petroleum Torpedo Company. His company used an invention known as the "Exploding Torpedo," designed to increase the extraction of oil and gas.

The method involved lowering torpedoes packed with nitroglycerin into an oil well and then sealing the borehole to intensify the subsequent explosion. This innovative method increased oil and gas production, in some instances boosting extraction by up to ten times.

However, it wasn’t until the mid-20th century that the modern technique of hydraulic fracturing emerged. In 1949, Halliburton became the first company to commercialize hydraulic fracturing, laying the groundwork for a technology that would transform the energy sector. 

After Halliburton was granted a patent for the hydraulic fracturing process there was a surge in fracking operations. However, the true advancement in fracking came with the introduction of horizontal drilling in the 1980s. This technique allowed for a greater exposure of the rock formation, increasing the efficiency and output of the fracking process. It was particularly transformative for extracting gas from shale formations, a resource that hadn't been economically viable before. 

The turn of the century marked the beginning of what is often referred to as the 'shale boom'. Advancements in drilling and fracturing technologies made it feasible to extract oil and gas from shale formations at a commercially viable rate. This era witnessed a significant shift in the energy industry, with countries like the United States drastically increasing their domestic production of oil and natural gas and reducing their dependence on foreign oil.

As the 21st century progressed, fracking spread globally, with many countries extracting their shale reserves. However, this expansion was met with increasing environmental concerns. Issues such as potential groundwater contamination, seismic activities (earthquakes), and methane emissions brought fracking under intense scrutiny. Debates around these concerns have influenced regulatory policies and public perception of the industry, and fracking is considered to be a controversial practice in many regions to this day. 

One of the main environmental concerns associated with fracking is the potential contamination of groundwater. Chemicals used in the fracking process can seep into underground water reserves, posing risks to drinking water quality. The integrity of the fracking wells is a critical factor in preventing contamination. Cases of poor well construction have been reported, leading to the leakage of fracking fluids into groundwater.

Fracking contributes to air pollution in several ways. The process can release volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter, and other pollutants that impact air quality and human health. Additionally, methane, a potent greenhouse gas, can escape into the atmosphere during drilling and extraction. 

Fracking requires significant amounts of water, which can pose challenges in water-scarce regions. The management of this water, particularly the disposal of used fracking fluid, is another environmental concern. While some of the water is recycled, a substantial amount becomes wastewater, which needs to be treated or disposed of safely to prevent contamination.

Another notable concern is the link between fracking and induced seismic activity. The injection of wastewater from fracking into deep underground wells has been linked to increased seismic events, even in areas not previously known for significant earthquake activity.

Fracking operations can also have direct impacts on local ecosystems. Land clearing for drilling sites, increased noise pollution, and habitat fragmentation can adversely affect wildlife and biodiversity in the areas surrounding fracking operations.

In response to these environmental concerns, the industry and regulatory bodies have been working to develop safer fracking practices. This includes stricter regulations on well construction, improved wastewater management techniques, and the development of more accurate methods to monitor air and water quality around fracking sites.

Despite the adverse environmental impacts, fracking brings several key advantages, including: 

Fracking has proven to be a substantial economic driver, especially in regions with large shale deposits. It creates jobs, not only in the drilling and extraction process but also in supporting industries. This influx of jobs and investment can invigorate local economies, leading to growth in various sectors.

Increased supply of natural gas and oil due to fracking has led to lower energy prices for consumers. This decrease in energy costs can have wide-ranging benefits for households and businesses, reducing utility bills and decreasing the cost of goods and services.

For many countries, fracking represents a path towards energy independence. By reducing the reliance on foreign oil imports, countries can achieve greater control over their energy sources, enhancing national security and reducing geopolitical vulnerabilities.

When compared to coal, natural gas from fracking emits half as much carbon dioxide when burned. This means that natural gas is a relatively cleaner transition fuel in the shift toward renewable energy sources. However it should still be noted that all fossil fuels contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, and even though natural gas can be said to be less harmful than coal it is certainly not a clean energy source. 

Legal and regulatory landscape of fracking

Fracking is big business in the United States, with 64% of all US oil and 79% of natural gas coming from fracking. Fracking is regulated through a combination of federal and state laws. Federal regulations like the Clean Water Act and the Safe Drinking Water Act provide a framework, but many specifics are left to state governments. States therefore have significant leeway when it comes to regulating aspects like drilling permits and environmental assessments.

Within the European Union, the approach to fracking has been generally cautious. Some member countries, such as France and Germany, have imposed bans or stringent restrictions due to environmental and public health concerns. 

The European Union has adopted a recommendation of minimum principles when employing high-volume hydraulic fracturing. These principles include environmental impact assessments, analysis of air, water, and soil quality, the capturing of gases to control air emissions, transparency concerning chemicals used, and the utilization of best practice drilling methods. 

The UK's relationship with fracking has been complex and evolving. Initially, the UK government considered fracking a potential solution to decreasing domestic energy production and increasing reliance on overseas energy sources. However, concerns over induced seismic activity led to a suspension of fracking activities in England in 2019. 

This decision reflected not just the scientific evidence linking fracking to earthquakes but also considerable public opposition on environmental grounds. The UK Conservative Government briefly lifted the fracking ban in September 2022, before implementing the ban once more just a short month later. 

Across the world, regulatory frameworks are evolving to better address the environmental impacts of fracking. This includes increased transparency in disclosing the chemicals used, stricter water management rules, and more comprehensive monitoring of induced seismic activity and air pollution.

It’s also worth noting that public opinion and activism play critical roles in shaping fracking regulations. In many regions, community concerns have led to stricter regulations, while in others, support is driven by the economic advantages and potential for job creation.

The Government has called a temporary halt to fracking in England - after a report cast doubt on the ability to predict earthquakes linked to the process. 

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Environmental campaigners welcomed the U-turn - but joined opposition parties in calling for a permanent ban - while Labour dismissed the Government's move as an 'election stunt'.

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UK halts fracking amid earthquake fears: Should it be banned?

US elections: Kamala Harris' stance on fracking

As the 2024 U.S. presidential election approaches, fracking has once again become a focal point in the energy debate. Democratic candidate and current Vice President Kamala Harris has been at the center of this discussion, especially given her previous remarks during her 2019 campaign where she expressed support for banning fracking. However, Harris’ stance has since evolved.

In a recent presidential debate, Harris reiterated, “I will not ban fracking. I have not banned fracking as Vice President of the United States.” This marks a shift from her earlier position, as Harris acknowledged the role of fracking in the U.S. energy transition. She even cast a tie-breaking vote on the Inflation Reduction Act, which included provisions for new fracking leases.

Harris’ position aligns with the broader Democratic platform that recognizes fracking as an essential component of U.S. energy production, despite its environmental challenges. She supports the continuation of fracking but emphasizes the need for stronger regulations to mitigate environmental harm. Like President Biden, who adjusted his stance from "no new fracking" to a more balanced approach, Harris advocates for a gradual shift towards cleaner energy, with fracking serving as a bridge during this transition.

The likelihood of a fracking ban under a Harris administration is slim. Given the political and economic significance of fracking, especially in states like Pennsylvania, any significant restrictions would require Congressional action—an unlikely scenario given the industry's influence.

Vice President Kamala Harris and former president Donald Trump took the stage in Philadelphia Tuesday night for the second general election debate in the 2024 election cycle. (ABC News) (C-SPAN)

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Highlights from the Trump-Harris presidential debate

In recent decades the fracking industry has seen significant technological advancements aimed at improving efficiency and reducing environmental impacts. These innovations not only enhance the extraction process but are also helping to address some of the key concerns associated with fracking:

Modern fracking uses more precise hydraulic fracturing techniques, allowing for better control over the fracturing process. Innovations in this area include variable-rate fracturing, where the pressure and composition of the fracking fluid can be adjusted for optimal fracture creation, minimizing the environmental impact.

The adoption of horizontal drilling has been a game-changer in fracking, allowing for a single well to access a much larger area of the shale formation. This technique reduces the number of drilling sites required, thereby minimizing the surface footprint and environmental disruption.

Research and development have led to the creation of more eco-friendly fracking fluids. These new formulations aim to reduce or eliminate harmful chemicals and use substances that are less toxic and more biodegradable, reducing the risk of environmental contamination.

Technologies for recycling and reusing water in the fracking process have improved, reducing the overall water consumption and the need for water disposal. Innovations in water treatment technologies also allow for more efficient and safer handling of wastewater.

Advancements in sensor technology and data analysis have enabled real-time monitoring of fracking operations. This includes tracking the integrity of wells, measuring seismic activity, and monitoring air and water quality, allowing for immediate response to potential issues.

Efforts to reduce emissions associated with fracking include technologies to capture methane leaks and more efficient flaring systems. These advancements are helping to minimize the carbon footprint of fracking operations.

The integration of automation and AI in fracking operations has led to more efficient and safer practices. For example, AI algorithms can analyze geological data to identify the best drilling locations and optimize extraction processes, reducing the chances of error and enhancing overall productivity.

One of the primary challenges facing fracking is balancing the growing global demand for energy with increasing environmental concerns. As countries work to meet their energy needs while also addressing climate change, the role of fracking will be increasingly scrutinized. Regardless of how environmentally sensitive the fracking process becomes, the fact of the matter is that fracking removes fossil fuels from the earth, and fossil fuels are not a clean source of energy. They produce harmful greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global warming. 

However, as the world transitions towards renewable energy sources, natural gas, including gas sourced from fracking, is frequently viewed as a bridge in this transition. This perspective hinges on its ability to provide a dependable and adaptable energy source. Crucially, the effectiveness of natural gas in facilitating a smoother transition to renewables will depend on how well it can balance immediate energy demands with the need to reduce carbon emissions. In this context, the future role of fracking, and how it aligns with global sustainability goals, will likely remain highly controversial and changeable.

At Greenly we can help you to assess your company’s carbon footprint, and then give you the tools you need to cut down on emissions. Why not request a free demo with one of our experts - no obligation or commitment required. 

If reading this article has inspired you to consider your company’s own carbon footprint, Greenly can help. Learn more about Greenly’s carbon management platform here. 

In this article, we delve into the debate over the Anthropocene Epoch, examining what this term means, why it's controversial, and what it reveals about our impact on the planet.

The debate around Anthropocene Epoch

Anthropocene Epoch is an unofficial interval of time, based on the claim that human activities have changed the Earth so much that we've started a new geological epoch. This idea has stirred up a lot of discussion among scientists, policymakers, and the public. Recently, a key scientific group decided against officially recognizing the Anthropocene as a distinct epoch, despite, what some argue, are clear signs of our significant impact on the planet's ecosystems and geology. Regardless of this decision, evidence of human influence on Earth's ecosystems and geology is undeniable and continues to mount, sparking discussions about how we recognize and respond to human-driven environmental changes.

👉 In this article, we delve into the debate over the Anthropocene Epoch, examining what this term means, why it's controversial, and what it reveals about our impact on the planet.

The term 'Anthropocene' derives from the Greek words 'anthropos,' meaning human, and 'cene,' meaning new. It suggests a new epoch in Earth's history, one dominated by human influence. In geological terms, an epoch represents a significant time span that is shorter than a period but longer than an age, marking distinct phases in Earth's geological and climatic history.

In geology, the divisions of time - like ages, periods, epochs, eras, and eons - are not strictly defined by a specific number of years, instead, they’re characterized by significant geological or paleontological events.

Eon - The largest unit of geological time, eons are divided into eras. The current eon, the Phanerozoic, began about 541 million years ago and encompasses nearly all of the significant developments in complex life on Earth.

Era - An era encompasses multiple periods and is marked by major shifts in the Earth's crust, climate, and biological diversity. For example, we are currently in the Cenozoic Era, which started around 66 million years ago following the mass extinction that ended the age of dinosaurs.

Period - A division within an era consisting of several epochs, periods can last from tens of millions to over a hundred million years. The current period is the Quaternary, which started about 2.58 million years ago and is noted for its ice ages and the evolution of humans.

Epoch - An epoch is a smaller division within a period, characterized by distinct climatic changes and evolutionary developments. We are currently in the Holocene Epoch, which began about 11,700 years ago after the last major ice age.

Age - The smallest unit on the geologic time scale, an age can vary widely in its duration. The current age is the Meghalayan, which started approximately 4,200 years ago and was marked by a severe drought in low-latitude regions and increased precipitation in high latitudes.

The proposed Anthropocene Epoch marks a time when human activities have started to have a profound and lasting impact on Earth’s ecosystems and geology. The idea of a new epoch emerged as scientists noticed that human actions - like burning fossil fuels, massive deforestation, and widespread pollution - are leaving a clear mark on the world. These changes are so significant that they can be seen in the layers of the Earth itself, from altered sediment formations to unique chemical residues left by nuclear tests or plastics.

The Anthropocene Epoch is not just about recognizing these impacts but also understanding that humans have become the main force shaping the planet's future. This epoch would start when these human effects became globally noticeable and would be defined by clear signs in the geological record.

Human impacts on the way our planet functions have now become so extreme many scientists are claiming the Earth has shifted out of the Holocene state and into a new geological epoch. They’re calling it ‘The Anthropocene’, the new age of humans, because millions of years after we are gone, the scar of our existence will be visible in the rocks of tomorrow. In this episode we look at how the last 60 years of socio economic growth has transformed the human race into a geological force to rival nature. #ABCcatalyst

The Anthropocene | Has earth shifted out of its Holocene state?

Why is there a debate about recognising the Anthropocene Epoch? 

The idea of officially recognizing the Anthropocene Epoch hinges on whether recent human impacts can be distinctly observed in the Earth’s geological layers. Geologists and scientists have set rigorous criteria for defining any new epoch. These criteria include clear, globally identifiable markers in the Earth's strata (layers of sedimentary rock) - evidence that is unmistakable even millions of years into the future.

To declare a new epoch, geologists typically look for:

Global stratotype section and point (GSSP), often referred to as a ‘golden spike’. This is a physical reference point in the geological record. This is a physical reference point in the geological record that must clearly exhibit the onset of distinctive geochemical markers.

Global environmental changes preserved in the rock, ice, or sediment records. This criterion ensures that when scientists examine rocks from various locations around the world, they can align the geochemical markers found to determine the age of the formations.


Supporters of the Anthropocene argue that human activities have left such markers. Examples of geochemical markers used to support their argument include:

Radionuclides from nuclear bomb tests, which are globally distributed and provide a clear signal that can be dated precisely.

Technofossils, such as plastics and metals, which are durable and widespread enough to leave a lasting record.

Changes in sediment layers resulting from urbanization, agriculture, and other land use changes.

Biological changes like mass extinctions and the widespread movement of species across continents due to human activity.

Despite compelling evidence, the challenge in declaring a new epoch lies in proving that these changes are both global and profound, matching the scale and uniformity of geological events that have defined past epochs. Critics argue that while human impact on the planet is undeniable, it may not yet meet the strict geological criteria required to define a new epoch. They point out that many human impacts, such as climate change and biodiversity loss, are ongoing and may not yet be fully reflected in the Earth’s geological record.

👉 A recent vote by the International Union of Geological Sciences reflects this view. The highest governing body in geology rejected the proposal to officially recognize the Anthropocene as a new epoch. The vote concluded a nearly 15-year-long discussion, with opponents arguing that the evidence, while clear, does not yet demonstrate the permanent global changes typically required to define a new epoch.

This development suggests that while the term Anthropocene may continue to be used informally to describe the current influence of humans on Earth's systems, it will not, for now, be recognized as a distinct epoch within the official geological time scale. 

The debate therefore continues and the question remains: Are we in the midst of a significant enough shift to mark the start of a new epoch, or are these changes just a brief moment in geological time? The ongoing discussions among scientists highlight not only the complexities of Earth’s geological history but also the significant influence humans now wield over it.

What is the case for the Anthropocene Epoch? 

Many credible scientists argue that the push to recognize the Anthropocene Epoch is supported by tangible scientific evidence that clearly points to a distinct new period in Earth's history. Key indicators include:

Radionuclides - These are distinct markers left by nuclear bomb tests that began in the mid-20th century and are globally detectable in the Earth’s geological record. Their widespread presence provides a precise timestamp that many argue marks the beginning of the Anthropocene.

Plastics - Found in oceans, soils, and even airborne dust, plastics have become a significant and permanent part of the planet's sedimentary layers. Some argue that their durability and persistence make them a clear sign of human impact.

Sharp rise in CO2 levels - The exponential increase in atmospheric CO2 since the Industrial Revolution, primarily due to burning fossil fuels, is a major geochemical change that has led to global climate shifts, directly linked to human activity.


Crawford Lake in Ontario, Canada, has been proposed as a potential Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the Anthropocene due to its well-preserved sediments that clearly show annual layers and contain significant Anthropocene markers like radionuclides and heavy metals from the post-World War II industrial boom.

The lake was chosen by the Anthropocene Working Group, set up in 2009 by the International Commission on Stratigraphy. The group identified Crawford Lake as the ideal reference site due to its sedimentary record that captures the global impacts of human activity starting in the mid-20th century, often referred to as the ‘Great Acceleration’.

If the Anthropocene is officially recognized as a new epoch, Crawford Lake would serve as a critical reference point for global geological studies and could become a key site for education and policy-making, highlighting the significant influence that humans have on the planet.

Small and nestled in a spot about an hour's drive west of Toronto, Crawford Lake has been selected by a panel of scientists to represent the human-altering chapter in Earth's history. 

The lake has been dubbed as the “golden spike,” marking the start of the Anthropocene epoch, with its existence having been debated among geologists for more than a decade. 

Global's Jeff Semple explains what the small body of water reveals about how much humans have profoundly altered the planet and why it matters.

For more info, please go to https://globalnews.ca/news/9825459/sm...

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#GlobalNews #CrawfordLake #anthropocene

Anthropocene: Lake in Canada marks human-altering epoch of Earth's history

What is the case against the Anthropocene Epoch?

While the idea of the Anthropocene has its supporters there are also critics within the geological community. They raise the following issues: 

Lack of clear global changes - Critics argue that while human impacts are evident, they do not yet show the global uniformity typically required for geological epochs. This lack of uniform global markers makes it challenging to define a precise start time for the Anthropocene across all regions.

Recentness and duration - Some geologists contend that the proposed epoch is too recent and brief to be distinguished in the geological record effectively. Geological epochs generally encompass more substantial periods.

There are also concerns about the broader implications of designating a new epoch. One major issue is the impact on geological understanding. Recognising the Anthropocene could complicate our understanding of Earth’s geological history by introducing human influence as a defining factor, which is unprecedented in geology. 

What are the implications of recognising the Anthropocene Epoch?

Official recognition of the Anthropocene as a distinct geological epoch is not just a matter of scientific categorization, it's a wake-up call to how deeply human activities like industrialization and pollution have changed our planet. This recognition could help the world realize just how urgent issues like climate change and pollution are.

Such a step could also help shape our environmental policies, leading to stricter regulations and stronger efforts to protect nature. It might change education too, by bringing the impact of human activities into school curriculums and driving research across various scientific fields. Moreover, it could inspire action at both global and local levels, encouraging communities to rethink their impact on the environment and adopt greener practices.

👉 The declaration of the Anthropocene as a new epoch would mark a significant milestone in our planetary history. It would not only reshape our understanding of the past but also push us to tackle the significant challenges arising from human impacts on Earth. Whether or not the Anthropocene is formally recognized, the concept itself acts as a call to action.

Brock-led research explores Crawford Lake to define the Anthropocene

Read the full story at https://brocku.ca/and/crawford-lake/

What is the significance of entering the new Anthropocene epoch?

Will a new epoch be declared in the future? 

The process of declaring a new epoch involves rigorous scientific scrutiny and multiple rounds of voting by relevant geological bodies. Following the recent vote that decided against recognizing the Anthropocene as a new epoch, the scientific community will likely now take additional time to gather more evidence and refine their arguments. Future votes could be scheduled as more data becomes available and as methodologies for measuring human impact on the geological record are improved.

For the Anthropocene to be officially declared, the criteria used to define geological epochs may need to be revisited and refined. This could involve developing a clearer understanding of what constitutes a significant and global marker in the geological record. The community will need to agree on specific indicators that are both reflective of widespread human impact and observable in a consistent manner across different parts of the world.

Continued research and the gathering of new evidence is also essential. This includes identifying other potential Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) candidates like Crawford Lake, which can serve as the primary reference points marking the beginning of the Anthropocene. Researchers will need to compile compelling evidence that these sites show clear and consistent global signals of human impact starting from a specific point in time.

Achieving a consensus among geologists and other scientific experts is also essential. The debate over the Anthropocene is not just about scientific evidence but also about the interpretation of this evidence within the context of Earth's natural variability. Engaging more of the scientific community in discussions, presenting findings at conferences, and publishing detailed studies can help build a broader consensus.

In this article, we’ll discuss the history of Black Friday, how it evolved to what it is today, and how to make your shopping habits more eco-friendly with Green Friday.

The History of Black Friday & How to Go Green

Black Friday used to be more of a fun tradition than about shopping for deals, with people waking up in the early hours of the morning to scour the mall for the best deals possible – but the history of Black Friday and how it has evolved to what it is today is a direct result of excessive consumerism. 

Following the pandemic, people started to shop for Black Friday as if it were Cyber Monday – encouraging even easier purchases to be made and eradicating the original traditions associated with Black Friday.

Black Friday refers to the Friday after Thanksgiving in the United States, which is always the last Thursday in November – making Black Friday the last Friday in November, and is an American tradition where retailers offer goods and services at extremely discounted prices.


💡 Black Friday usually marks the end of autumn in the United States, and the first day where people transition their homes to Christmas and start their holiday shopping.

The intriguing thing about Black Friday is that stores will often offer record-low prices in attempts to clear out their stock for the next season and boost sales, often allowing these sales as early as the week of Thanksgiving and continuing through the week of Cyber Monday.

BBC looks at the origin of the shopping phenomenon known as Black Friday and its impact on the UK economy.

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What is Black Friday? BBC News

Here are some characteristics of Black Friday:

Special Discounts & Promotions – Known as the hallmark quality to Black Friday, stores in the United States, and now even expanding to the United Kingdom and France, will offer significant markdowns on next to any product – from clothing to electronics. This is meant to attract customers, and can serve as an opportunity for people to get a jump-start on their Christmas shopping.

High Consumer Demand – Back in the days before the internet and Cyber Monday, people would rush to stores in person early on Friday morning after Thanksgiving to be the first one in line to secure the product they wanted on sale. Back then, Black Friday operated on a, “first come, first serve” business model – as opposed to today where Black Friday essentially occurs slowly over time throughout the week before and after Thanksgiving. 

Extended Sales – These days, Black Friday doesn’t really take place on the Friday after Thanksgiving – but in the week before and after the infamous American holiday. This allows both customers and retailers to take advantage of Black Friday.

💡 Regardless, Black Friday remains one of the busiest times of year for shopping – with Black Friday sales reaching $9.5 billion USD in 2023 alone. 

Chaotic Shoppers – Especially in the earlier days of Black Friday, this notorious shopping day was characterized by chaotic shoppers with a sense of urgency – often climbing on top of people and running into stores to grab deals before they ran out.

Spending Large Amounts of Money – Although some people do take advantage of the discounts offered during Black Friday, some people will spend money unnecessarily – as they are tricked psychologically into spending more money than usual due to drastic discounts.  

👉 Overall, Black Friday is an annual shopping event driven by the lure of extreme discounts, and continues to evolve each year to accommodate changing retail habits – such as how more people are shopping leisurely online.

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