What are the 3 Pillars of Corporate Sustainability?
1 min
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What are the 3 pillars of corporate sustainability and why are they important?
The voice of impact
ESG / CSR
Industries
MEASURE
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How to achieve environmental sustainability
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With the growing climate crisis and mounting environmental challenges, the need for sustainability has never been more urgent. Rising global temperatures, biodiversity loss, and resource depletion are no longer distant threats - they’re unfolding in real-time, affecting ecosystems, economies, and daily life. The question is no longer whether we should act but how we can do so effectively.
Environmental sustainability is more than just a buzzword - it's a fundamental shift in how we interact with the natural world. It means meeting our present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to thrive, ensuring that ecosystems remain resilient, resources are managed responsibly, and human activities are in harmony with the environment.
In this article, we’ll break down what environmental sustainability truly means, why it matters, and the tangible steps individuals, businesses, and governments can take to drive meaningful change.
What is environmental sustainability?
“ Environmental sustainability encompasses a broad range of practices, from conserving natural resources and preserving biodiversity to reducing waste and emissions. The core principle behind environmental sustainability is the understanding that the health and well-being of humanity are intrinsically tied to the health of our environment; this is why it's so important that we live within the Earth's ecological means. ”
In the current global context, environmental sustainability has never been more important. The undeniable realities of climate change, marked by extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and changing weather patterns, highlight the repercussions of neglecting sustainable practices.
Meanwhile, environmental degradation jeopardises the health of ecosystems and the services they offer, such as clean air, water, and food. Unsustainable human activities, ranging from deforestation to pollution, are pushing countless species towards extinction and threatening the balance of our environment. Addressing these issues is not just a matter of environmental concern but is fundamental to ensuring economic stability, social equity, and the survival of life as we know it.
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Key pillars of sustainability
Environmental sustainability represents a multifaceted approach to ensuring that human activities are conducted in harmony with the natural world, allowing both current and future generations to thrive. To address the challenges of sustainability, three key pillars have been identified (also known as the 3 E's): environment, economy, and social equity. Each pillar holds equal importance, and only by considering all three can true sustainability be achieved.
Sustainable environment
Central to the concept of sustainability is the maintenance of ecological balance. This means ensuring that the rate of resource consumption does not outpace the natural replenishment rate. Healthy ecosystems, from forests to oceans, provide essential services such as carbon sequestration, water purification, and habitat provision. By preserving these ecosystems and promoting biodiversity, we not only safeguard the survival of countless species but also maintain the planet's capacity to support human life. Conservation, restoration, and responsible resource management are crucial actions to ensure environmental stability.
Sustainable economy
For sustainability initiatives to be lasting, they must also take into consideration economic sustainability. This doesn't mean prioritising profit over the environment; rather, it means finding harmony where businesses can prosper without degrading ecological systems. Sustainable economic practices look at long-term gains, taking into account the full lifecycle costs and benefits of actions. This approach often leads to innovations that reduce waste, increase efficiency, and create green jobs. A sustainable economy is one that recognises the inherent value of the environment and integrates it into its growth strategies, ensuring resilience and adaptability in a changing world.
“ Environmental issues present a financial burden. Studies estimate that Climate-related disasters could rise to 560 per year by 2030, a 40% increase from 2015, necessitating up to $340 billion per year in adaptation finance by 2030 to manage these risks. ”
Social Equity
Environmental sustainability is closely tied to social sustainability. This pillar emphasises the importance of inclusivity, ensuring that all members of society have equitable access to resources and opportunities and that they are not disproportionately affected by environmental degradation. Historically, vulnerable communities have borne the brunt of environmental challenges, from pollution to climate change impacts. True sustainability seeks to rectify these injustices, ensuring that initiatives are just, and inclusive, and promote the well-being of all, regardless of socioeconomic status, race, or region. This approach recognises that the health of our environment is inextricably linked to the well-being of its inhabitants.
The UN's Goals for Sustainable Development
The United Nations has established 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as part of its 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. These goals are designed to address global challenges, including those related to poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, peace, and justice. Among these, several goals specifically focus on environmental sustainability, reflecting the urgent need to preserve our planet's natural resources and ecological balance.
Key environmental sustainability goals:
| Goal | Objective | Targets |
|---|---|---|
| Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation | Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all. | Improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping, and minimising the release of hazardous chemicals and materials. Increase water-use efficiency and implement integrated water resources management at all levels. |
| Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy | Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all. | Increase the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix, improve energy efficiency, and enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology. |
| Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities | Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. | Reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management. |
| Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production | Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns. | Achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources, halve per capita global food waste, and substantially reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling, and reuse. |
| Goal 13: Climate Action | Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts. | Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters, integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies, and planning, and improve education, awareness, and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation. |
| Goal 14: Life Below Water | Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources for sustainable development. | Prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems, and regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing, and destructive fishing practices. |
| Goal 15: Life on Land | Protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems. | Ensure the conservation of mountain ecosystems, reduce the degradation of natural habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity, and protect threatened species. |
These environmental goals are interconnected and emphasise the need for comprehensive strategies to address the challenges of environmental sustainability. They require the collaboration of governments, businesses, and civil society to implement effective solutions. The success of these goals depends on integrating sustainable practices into all aspects of development, ensuring that economic growth does not come at the expense of the environment.
Why should we care about environmental sustainability?
“ Environmental sustainability is not just about protecting nature, it’s about ensuring the long-term survival of life on Earth, for both present and future generations. Without sustainable practices, ecosystems become increasingly fragile, biodiversity declines, and the consequences ripple through every aspect of human society, from food security to climate stability. ”
Environmental implications
The impact on biodiversity and ecosystems
Unchecked resource consumption and ecological disruption weaken the resilience of ecosystems, pushing countless species toward extinction. This loss of biodiversity is not just an environmental tragedy, it has tangible consequences for human survival. Many of the ecosystem services we rely on, such as water purification, pollination, and climate regulation, are directly linked to biodiversity. When species disappear, these critical services are disrupted, threatening food production, access to clean water, and the overall stability of the natural world.
The wide-reaching consequences of unsustainable practices
The absence of sustainable practices has cascading effects that reach far beyond environmental degradation. From deforestation and pollution to over-extraction of natural resources, human activity is accelerating climate change and depleting the very ecosystems we depend on for survival.
The table below outlines some of the most pressing unsustainable practices and their environmental consequences:
| Unsustainable Practice | Environmental Consequences | Wider Societal Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Deforestation | Loss of forests that act as carbon sinks, accelerating climate change. Destruction of habitats, leading to mass biodiversity loss and ecosystem instability. Increased soil erosion and disruption of local water cycles. | Higher frequency of droughts, floods, and landslides. Loss of indigenous lands and resources. Declining air quality and increased global warming. |
| Overfishing & Marine Exploitation | Collapse of fish populations, disrupting entire marine ecosystems. Loss of keystone species, affecting oceanic food chains and biodiversity. Destruction of coral reefs and oceanic carbon sequestration systems. | Reduced food security for coastal communities that depend on fishing. Economic losses for industries reliant on marine biodiversity (tourism, fisheries). Increased reliance on unsustainable aquaculture practices. |
| Fossil Fuel Dependence | Rising global temperatures due to excessive greenhouse gas emissions. Air pollution leading to acid rain, ecosystem acidification, and respiratory diseases. Ocean acidification, harming marine life and food webs. | More frequent and intense heatwaves, hurricanes, and wildfires. Increased public health crises from air pollution. Energy insecurity and economic instability in fossil-fuel-dependent regions. |
| Industrial & Agricultural Pollution | Soil degradation from pesticide and chemical runoff, reducing land fertility. Contaminated water sources, leading to loss of freshwater biodiversity. Air pollution from industrial emissions, worsening global warming. | Declining crop yields and food shortages due to soil depletion. Higher incidence of diseases linked to polluted water and air. Increased healthcare costs and reduced quality of life. |
| Over-Extraction of Freshwater Resources | Depletion of underground aquifers and drying up of lakes and rivers. Disruption of natural water cycles, worsening droughts. Desertification and loss of fertile land. | Water scarcity affecting agriculture, industry, and human consumption. Conflicts over dwindling water supplies. Forced migration from drought-stricken regions. |
| Intensive Agriculture & Land Misuse | Loss of topsoil and desertification, making land unsuitable for future farming. Monoculture farming reducing biodiversity and resilience of ecosystems. Massive greenhouse gas emissions from livestock farming and synthetic fertilisers. | Increased food prices and malnutrition due to reduced agricultural output. Livelihood loss for farmers dependent on failing land. Higher risk of zoonotic disease transmission due to habitat destruction. |
| Excessive Waste Generation | Overflowing landfills leaking toxins into soil and waterways. Plastic pollution harming marine and terrestrial wildlife. Methane emissions from decomposing waste accelerating climate change. | Threats to human health from microplastics and toxic waste exposure. Loss of biodiversity as waste infiltrates food chains. Increased costs for waste management and pollution cleanup. |
Each of these practices contributes to environmental instability, increasing our vulnerability to extreme weather events, resource shortages, and ecosystem collapse. Addressing these issues requires systemic change across industries, policy, and individual behavior.
The link between unsustainable practices and climate change
Beyond biodiversity loss, the absence of sustainable practices accelerates climate change. One of the most striking examples is deforestation, whether for timber, agriculture, or urban expansion. Forests act as carbon sinks, absorbing CO₂ from the atmosphere. When they are cleared, not only do we lose this crucial ability to capture emissions, but the stored carbon is also released, further fueling global warming.
Another major contributor is industrial agriculture. While it has allowed for large-scale food production, its intensive methods have depleted soil nutrients, degraded farmland, and led to excessive water use. Poor land management exacerbates climate risks, increasing the likelihood of droughts, floods, and land erosion - natural disasters that disproportionately affect vulnerable populations.
The urgency of climate action
The consequences of inaction are becoming increasingly dire. According to the IPCC Synthesis Report on Climate Change, global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions must peak before 2025 to limit global warming to 1.5°C. To meet this target, emissions need to decline by 43% by 2030 and 60% by 2035 compared to 2019 levels.
Failing to act on these targets means facing more extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and disruptions to food and water supplies. The longer we delay, the harder - and costlier - it becomes to mitigate climate change’s worst effects.
Social and economic implications
Environmental degradation is not just an ecological concern, it directly impacts society and the economy, often hitting the most vulnerable communities the hardest. From public health crises to financial instability, the effects of unsustainable practices ripple across all aspects of life, underscoring the urgency of transitioning to sustainable systems.
The social consequences of environmental degradation
- Disproportionate impact on vulnerable communities: Low-income and marginalised populations are often the most affected by environmental crises. Limited access to healthcare, safe housing, and disaster relief makes them particularly vulnerable to climate-related events such as hurricanes, droughts, and rising sea levels.
- Health risks from pollution and resource scarcity: Air and water pollution contribute to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular issues, and other serious health conditions. The depletion of clean water sources and arable land exacerbates food and water insecurity, increasing malnutrition and disease outbreaks.
- Mass displacement and climate migration: As natural disasters become more frequent and severe, entire communities are forced to relocate. Coastal cities, small island nations, and arid regions are already experiencing large-scale displacement due to rising sea levels, desertification, and extreme weather. Climate migration is expected to increase dramatically, leading to social unrest, competition for resources, and geopolitical tensions.
The economic impact of unsustainable practices
- Disrupted supply chains and rising costs: Industries that rely on natural resources, such as agriculture, fishing, and forestry, face increasing challenges as ecosystems deteriorate. Crop failures, water shortages, and deforestation drive up costs, disrupt production, and lead to price volatility in global markets.
- Strain on industries dependent on natural environments: Tourism and agriculture are particularly vulnerable to environmental degradation. Destinations suffering from pollution, biodiversity loss, and extreme weather experience declining visitor numbers, while farmers struggle with reduced yields due to soil degradation and unpredictable climate patterns.
- The risk of economic instability: As natural resources become scarcer and climate-related disasters escalate, economies worldwide face systemic risks. Insurance claims for climate-related damages are soaring, infrastructure costs are rising, and businesses are struggling to adapt. Left unaddressed, these challenges could contribute to economic downturns, increased unemployment, and growing inequality.
“ Sustainability is the solution. Investing in clean energy, sustainable agriculture, and circular economies not only mitigates environmental harm but also creates jobs, strengthens economies, and reduces social inequalities. The shift to sustainability is not a cost, it’s an investment in long-term resilience and prosperity. ”
What are the benefits of environmental sustainability?
Environmental sustainability is not just about preventing harm, it’s about creating a healthier, more resilient, and prosperous future. By integrating sustainable practices across industries and communities, we protect the planet while also reaping economic, social, and health-related benefits. From stabilising ecosystems to fostering innovation and economic growth, sustainability offers a pathway to long-term global stability.
Ecological health and resilience
Achieving environmental sustainability ensures the restoration and maintenance of vital ecosystems. When habitats are preserved and pollution is minimised, biodiversity flourishes, allowing species to thrive and ecosystems to function effectively. This, in turn, strengthens the resilience of natural environments against climate change impacts such as extreme weather and shifting temperatures.
Beyond biodiversity protection, healthy ecosystems actively combat climate change by acting as carbon sinks, absorbing and storing excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Forests, wetlands, and ocean ecosystems play a critical role in regulating the climate, and their protection is key to mitigating global warming.
Resource longevity
Sustainable resource management ensures that vital materials (such as fresh water and food) remain available for future generations. Over-extraction and depletion of natural resources can lead to crises such as water shortages, food insecurity, and economic instability. By adopting responsible consumption and production models, we can extend the lifespan of these resources, ensuring they continue to support human progress and well-being.
Improved public health
A cleaner environment directly translates to better public health. Communities that embrace sustainability benefit from:
- Cleaner air: Reduced emissions from fossil fuels and industrial pollution lower rates of respiratory diseases like asthma and lung cancer.
- Safer water: Sustainable water management and reduced chemical runoff protect drinking water sources from contamination.
- Lower exposure to toxins: Eco-friendly products and waste management reduce exposure to harmful chemicals, decreasing the risk of long-term health issues such as cancer and neurological disorders.
These improvements lead to fewer health crises, lower healthcare costs, and an overall higher quality of life for individuals and communities.
Social cohesion and reduced conflicts
Sustainable resource management minimises competition over scarce resources, reducing the likelihood of conflicts related to water, food, and energy shortages. Regions that prioritise sustainability experience greater social stability, as communities collaborate on solutions rather than competing for dwindling supplies. Additionally, sustainable development fosters equity, ensuring that vulnerable populations are not disproportionately affected by environmental degradation.
Economic growth and stability
Environmental sustainability and economic prosperity are not mutually exclusive. In fact, green industries - such as renewable energy, sustainable agriculture, and circular economy initiatives - are among the fastest-growing sectors worldwide. Businesses that prioritise sustainability can benefit from:
- Lower operational costs: Energy efficiency, waste reduction, and sustainable supply chains can significantly cut expenses.
- Increased consumer demand: Eco-conscious consumers are actively choosing sustainable brands, driving market trends toward greener products.
- Investment and resilience: Sustainable businesses attract long-term investments and are better positioned to withstand environmental regulations and market shifts.
Moreover, green industries create new job opportunities, from renewable energy technicians to sustainability consultants, driving economic diversification and workforce growth.
Innovation and market opportunities
A commitment to sustainability encourages innovation, pushing businesses and societies to develop cutting-edge eco-friendly technologies, products, and services. This innovation:
- Opens up new markets in clean energy, sustainable packaging, and regenerative agriculture.
- Strengthens global competitiveness, positioning companies and nations at the forefront of the green economy.
- Encourages the development of climate-resilient infrastructure, reducing long-term costs associated with environmental damage.
“ The benefits of environmental sustainability touch every aspect of human life. A more sustainable world means healthier people, stronger economies, and a more stable future for generations to come. ”
How can we achieve environmental sustainability?
Environmental sustainability is a pressing concern and is essential for the well-being of our planet and its inhabitants. Charting a path to this goal requires a mix of innovation, policy shifts, and individual commitment. Let's explore some of the actionable strategies and practices that help to foster a more sustainable future.
Individual actions
While systemic change often feels daunting, environmentally sustainable choices at the individual level can add up to make a significant impact. Here are some areas where personal decisions can make a difference:
Reduced carbon footprints
Minimising our environmental footprint is crucial in combating climate change and achieving environmental sustainability. Individuals can achieve this by using energy-efficient appliances, opting for public transportation, carpooling, or choosing cleaner modes of transport like cycling. Additionally, reducing meat consumption, using renewable energy sources, and enhancing home insulation can further curtail carbon emissions.
Sustainable consumption
Conscious consumer choices play a pivotal role in promoting sustainability. This means opting for products that are ethically sourced, have minimal packaging, or are made of biodegradable or recyclable materials. It also involves reducing waste by practising the principles of "reduce, reuse, recycle" and being mindful of water and energy consumption.
Supporting green initiatives
Individuals can actively support environmental initiatives by volunteering with conservation groups, participating in community clean-up drives, or joining tree-planting events. On a smaller scale, creating habitats like gardens can support local biodiversity. Moreover, by educating oneself and participating in environmental dialogues, one can influence broader community engagement and policy direction.
Backing green businesses
Supporting businesses that prioritise eco-friendly practices is another influential action. Whether it's buying from companies that adopt sustainable sourcing practices, invest in renewable energy, or support circular economy principles, our purchasing decisions can incentivise more businesses to adopt green strategies. By choosing to invest in or buy from such businesses, individuals directly foster a market that values and rewards sustainability.
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What can businesses do?
“ Given their scale and reach, businesses have a significant role to play in advancing environmental sustainability. In fact, it's estimated that just 57 companies are responsible for around 80% of greenhouse gas emissions since 2016, highlighting just how much of an impact businesses have on the environment. ”
By integrating sustainable practices into their operations and strategies, corporations not only ensure long-term viability but also contribute to the broader goal of environmental well-being. Here's a closer look at some critical areas where businesses can make impactful changes:
Sustainable business practices
Adopting sustainable business practices is a holistic approach that goes beyond profit-making. This includes reducing energy consumption through efficient facilities and operations, minimising waste and ensuring proper disposal, and integrating renewable energy sources. Businesses can also prioritise the design and offering of eco-friendly products and services while fostering a company culture that values sustainability at every level.
"Sustainable business practices also represent an opportunity for companies. According to research by NIQ, 46% of consumers expect brands to take the lead on creating sustainable change, indicating a significant shift in consumer behavior towards sustainability."
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
CSR is an evolving business strategy that prioritises ethical practices, community engagement, and environmental responsibility. By investing in CSR initiatives, businesses can contribute to societal well-being, environmental conservation, and community development. This not only enhances corporate reputation but also establishes trust and loyalty with customers, investors, and stakeholders. Whether through philanthropic efforts, environmental projects, or community outreach, CSR initiatives can have far-reaching positive effects.
Sustainable supply chain management
The sustainability of a business is often tied to its supply chain. Sustainable supply chain management ensures that every aspect of the production process - from raw material sourcing to product delivery - is conducted ethically and sustainably. This includes working with suppliers who adhere to eco-friendly practices, ensuring fair labour practices, minimising transportation pollution, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions and waste. By creating a transparent and sustainable supply chain, businesses can guarantee that their products and services are not just beneficial to consumers but also to the environment and society at large.
“ Greenly can help your company decarbonise its supply chain by engaging with suppliers to reduce carbon emissions and transitioning to low-carbon suppliers. Our platform offers tools for managing Scope 3 emissions, providing transparency and actionable insights to support sustainable sourcing and overall supply chain sustainability. ”
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And what about governments?
Governments wield significant influence in shaping a sustainable future, using their legislative and policy-making powers to set the trajectory for both individual and corporate behaviour. Here's an overview of the avenues through which governments can drive environmental sustainability:
Environmental regulations
Regulatory frameworks are essential in setting clear environmental standards. By implementing and enforcing stringent environmental regulations - ranging from emission caps to waste management guidelines - governments can ensure that industries operate within sustainable parameters, reducing negative impacts on the environment.
Green tech and industries
Governments can stimulate the growth of green technologies and industries through incentives, grants, and research funding. By supporting innovations in renewable energy, sustainable agriculture, and eco-friendly transportation, they can pave the way for a more sustainable economic landscape, creating jobs and boosting economic growth in the process.
Policies that promote sustainable development
Government policies can actively promote sustainable practices across sectors. This includes providing tax breaks for sustainable businesses, offering subsidies for renewable energy installations, and endorsing urban planning that supports public transportation and green spaces. By setting a legislative agenda that prioritises sustainability, governments play a pivotal role in ensuring a greener future for all.
How can Greenly help your business become more sustainable?
Greenly offers practical solutions to help your business excel in environmental sustainability by cutting down carbon emissions and adopting greener practices. Here’s how we can support your journey:
Measurement of GHG Emissions
- Comprehensive Emission Tracking: Measure Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions for a full understanding of your greenhouse gas footprint.
- Advanced Technology: Utilise the latest tools to accurately measure your carbon footprint, analyse emissions, and set achievable reduction targets.
Custom Action Plans
- Expert Support: Collaborate with Greenly’s climate experts to develop tailored action plans.
- Seamless Assessment: Identify key areas for improvement and implement effective changes.
Intuitive and Seamless Platform
- User-Friendly Interface: Use Greenly’s intuitive platform to calculate and monitor your business’s carbon footprint, ensuring a smooth carbon assessment process.
With Greenly’s help, your business can significantly reduce its environmental impact, meet ESG goals, and enhance sustainability while making informed business decisions. Contact us today to start your journey towards a greener future.
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